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Power Proportional Characteristics of an Energy Manager for Web Clusters

Simon Holmbacka, Sébastien Lafond, Johan Lilius, Power Proportional Characteristics of an Energy Manager for Web Clusters. In: Luigi Carro, Andy Pimentel (Eds.), Proceedings on Embedded Computer Systems: Architecture, Modeling and Simulation 2011, 1–8, IEEE pres, 2011.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SAMOS.2011.6045444

Abstract:

Energy consumption is a major issue in data centers operating 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
The power dissipated by a web cluster is not proportional to the numbers of incoming requests if only DVFS is used.
This is because of the nonlinear power efficiency of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling,
the large load fluctuation in web services and the typical CPU utilization rates of a server.

This paper presents a system level controller making a cluster of low-power servers power proportional.
Our controller uses sleep states to switch on or off CPUs in order to continuously match the current workload with the system capacity.
It uses methods from control theory to drive the CPUs from and into sleep states.
The power proportional characteristics of the proposed energy manager is studied for different workload patterns.
Results from system simulation show that power proportionality is obtainable but only with appropriate parameters set on the controller.
Moreover, with a cluster sized to handle the maximum request rate, our approach shows a 30 to 83\% reduction of the energy consumption compared to a cluster using only DVFS as power management.

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BibTeX entry:

@INPROCEEDINGS{inpSimonHolmbacka11a,
  title = {Power Proportional Characteristics of an Energy Manager for Web Clusters},
  booktitle = {Proceedings on Embedded Computer Systems: Architecture, Modeling and Simulation 2011},
  author = {Holmbacka, Simon and Lafond, Sébastien and Lilius, Johan},
  editor = {Carro, Luigi and Pimentel, Andy},
  publisher = {IEEE pres},
  pages = {1–8},
  year = {2011},
  keywords = {Power Management Web Clusters PID-controller Low Power Processors},
}

Belongs to TUCS Research Unit(s): Embedded Systems Laboratory (ESLAB)

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